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Technology improvements and management innovations in construction of Xiluodu hydropower station on Jinsha River

Qixiang FAN

《工程管理前沿（英文）》 2017年 第4卷 第2期   页码 231-237 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017103

摘要： Hongtao ZHOU, Hongwei WANG, Wei ZENG. [J]. Front. Eng, 2018, 5(1): 78-87.Peter REDFERN, Hua ZHONG. [J]. Front. Eng, 2017, 4(2): 193-200.Ming-zhou Liu,Cong-hu Liu,Mao-gen Ge,Yuan Zhang,Qing-hua Zhu. [J]. Front. Eng, 2016, 3(2): 144-146.Chong-guang Feng,Hao Hu,Feng Xu,Jian Yang. [J]. Front. Eng, 2015, 2(2): 178-181.Yu Zhao,Sheng-quan Wang,Ke-chao Zhu. [J]. Front. Eng, 2015, 2(1): 35-38.Ru-gui Chen,Jia-meng Chen. [J]. Front. Eng, 2014, 1(1): 52-61.An Wang. [J]. Front. Eng, 2014, 1(1): 13-17.

关键词： super-high arch dam     intelligent construction     mass concrete temperature control     structure behavior control     anti-erosion concrete     low-heat portland cement     large-discharge and high-velocity spillway tunnels     large scale underground powerhouse     green hydropower station     sustainable development     Xiluodu hydropower station    

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基于同步波动原理的抗冲蚀弹性涂层设计

郭源君,肖华林,徐大清,李文斌

《中国工程科学》 2008年 第10卷 第9期   页码 60-63

摘要：

基于过流面冲蚀波纹形貌特征与流体边界层扰动波参数的对应关系，提出了实现弹性涂层边壁与边界层扰动波的同步波动，从而变边壁被动承受粒子冲击为主动回避与粒子的碰撞的抗冲蚀设计思想；分析了实现弹性涂层边壁与边界层扰动波同步波动的条件，并由此确定出弹性涂层的材料常数。

关键词： 冲蚀     边界层     弹性边壁     弹性涂层     同步波动    

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Embankment dam foundation analysis for the decrease of internal erosion likelihood

Marc SMITH

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2012年 第6卷 第4期   页码 431-436 doi: 10.1007/s11709-012-0183-5

摘要： A zoned embankment dam is founded on clay underlain by a sand deposit. Major seepage phenomena were noticed in the foundation downstream from the dam where the vertical seepage forces in the sand layer were expected to exceed the downward forces due to the overlying clay. Modern technologies were applied to delineate critical zones to help design optimal rehabilitation measures. A global electromagnetic survey was carried out to detect and map the main sources, pathways and exits of seepage. Based on these global findings, a more detailed analysis was then conducted to identify zones where thickness of the foundation clay is minimal, pore pressures in sand are higher and thus where the factor of safety against uplift is lower and internal erosion is more likely to occur. Clay thickness evaluation required the determination of land surface as well as clay-sand contact elevations. A laser airborne survey was performed to model the land surface elevation. Data concerning the clay-sand contact elevation came from the interpreted stratigraphy based on a series of boreholes and cone penetration tests. This data was combined in a geostatistical model along with the measured piezometric levels in the foundation. This resulted in a contour map showing factors of safety against uplift over the entire downstream area. The use of modern technologies, namely electromagnetic and laser surveys as well as geostatistical tools, was instrumental in defining the limits of an otherwise spread-out problem and to provide an optimal solution, in terms of costs and effectiveness, for the long-term stabilization of the foundation.

关键词： seepage detection     geostatistical analysis     dam monitoring     internal erosion     LIDAR survey    

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3D finite element method (FEM) simulation of groundwater flow during backward erosion piping

Kristine VANDENBOER,Vera van BEEK,Adam BEZUIJEN

《结构与土木工程前沿（英文）》 2014年 第8卷 第2期   页码 160-166 doi: 10.1007/s11709-014-0257-7

摘要： Backward erosion piping is an important failure mechanism for cohesive water retaining structures which are founded on a sandy aquifer. At present, the prediction models for safety assessment are often based on 2D assumptions. In this work, a 3D numerical approach of the groundwater flow leading to the erosion mechanism of backward erosion piping is presented and discussed. Comparison of the 2D and 3D numerical results explicitly demonstrates the inherent 3D nature of the piping phenomenon. In addition, the influence of the seepage length is investigated and discussed for both piping initiation and piping progression. The results clearly indicate the superiority of the presented 3D numerical model compared to the established 2D approach. Moreover, the 3D numerical results enable a better understanding of the complex physical mechanism involved in backward erosion piping and thus can lead to a significant improvement in the safety assessment of water retaining structures.

关键词： backward erosion piping     groundwater flow     3D finite element method (FEM)    

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地下工程抗爆防震塌设计动力学机理讨论

杨黎明,周风华,董新龙,王礼立

《中国工程科学》 2011年 第13卷 第3期   页码 29-37

摘要：

在爆炸载荷下，反射拉应力波是导致混凝土防护结构震塌的主要原因。材料的动态抗拉强度是结构抗爆防震塌设计所必须考虑的主要参量，抑制或减弱拉伸冲击波的强度是防护结构设计的一个重要目标。研究了混凝土和钢纤维增强混凝土的动态力学性能以及它们结构的爆炸震塌响应。试验表明，高强混凝土C100的抗震塌能力还不如普通混凝土C40；加入体积含量2 %的钢纤维可有效提高混凝土的强度以及结构的抗震塌能力；而且加入相同含量的钢纤维后，纤维增强C100混凝土的抗震塌能力与增强C40混凝土相比并无明显不同。应用一维应力波理论近似分析，揭示了抗震塌设计的动力学机理，分析表明，“三明治”复合层结构可以有效提高结构的抗震塌能力，此分析为设计具有更好抗爆能力的防护工程提供了科学依据。

关键词： 地下工程结构     混凝土拉伸性能     抗震塌     应力波    

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抗磨蚀材料失效过程的微观特性

王飚,王宇栋,张自华,何筱奎,诸小丽

《中国工程科学》 2001年 第3卷 第8期   页码 82-86

摘要：

用光学显微镜、扫描电镜、电子探针和X射线衍射，对抗汽蚀较优的硼不锈钢堆焊层和抗磨蚀较优的碳化钨陶瓷堆焊层的原样、汽蚀后样和磨蚀后样进行了微观分析研究。结果表明，硼不锈钢堆焊层是较好的抗汽蚀材料，但抗磨蚀效果不理想；碳化钨对磨蚀损坏有良好的屏障作用；磨蚀坑是气泡溃灭产生的脉冲式法向负压力和脉冲式泥沙冲击切向分力联合作用的结果。

关键词： 抗汽蚀     抗磨蚀     微观特性    

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Effect of land use and land cover change on soil erosion and the spatio-temporal variation in Liupan

Bin QUAN, M. J. M. R?MKENS, Rui LI, Fang WANG, Jie CHEN

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第4期   页码 564-572 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0348-9

摘要： The Liupan Mountains are located in the southern Ningxia Hui Autonomous Region of China, that forms an important divide between landforms and bio-geographic regions. The populated part of the Liupan Mountain Region has suffered tremendous ecological damage over time due to population pressure, excessive demand and inappropriate use of agricultural land resources. To present the relationship between land use/cover change and spatio-temporal variation of soil erosion, data sets of land use between the late 1980s and 2000 were obtained from Landsat Thematic Mapper (TM) imagery, and spatial models were used to characterize landscape and soil erosion conditions. Also, soil erosion in response to land use and land cover change were quantified and analyzed using data from geographical information systems and remote sensing. Soil erosion by water was the dominant mode of soil loss, while soil erosion by wind was only present on a relatively small area. The degree of soil erosion was classified into five severity classes: slight, light, moderate, severe, and very severe. Soil erosion in the Liupan Mountain Region increased between the late 1980s and 2000, both in terms of acreage and severity. Moderate, severe, and very severe eroded areas accounted for 54.86% of the total land area. The lightly eroded area decreased, while the moderately eroded area increased by 368817 ha (22%) followed by severe erosion with 146552 ha (8.8%), and very severe erosion by 97067.6 ha (5.8%). Soil loss on sloping cropland increased with slope gradients. About 90% of the cropland was located on slopes less than 15°. Most of the increase in soil erosion on cropland was due to conversion of steep slopes to cropland and degradation of grassland and increased activities. Soil erosion was severe on grassland with a moderate or low grass cover and on dry land. Human activities, cultivation on steep slopes, and overgrazing of pastures were the main reasons for the increase in erosion severity.

关键词： land use/land cover change     soil erosion     geographical information system     remote sensing     Liupan Mountain Region    

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水轮机抗磨蚀金属材料的优化设计

王飚,张自华,王宇栋

《中国工程科学》 2000年 第2卷 第2期   页码 64-67

摘要：

对抗磨蚀金属材料的基础研究表明，在10种常用结构材料的金属中，以钨、钴、铬的抗气蚀性最佳；生产应用研究结果表明，钨系材料中的火焰喷焊WC-M硬面陶瓷材料，铬系材料中的电镀稀土铬硬面材料，钴系材料中的等离子喷焊CoCrWC硬面材料，都是抗磨蚀性能较优，成本较低，并可进入工业应用的水轮机抗磨蚀结构材料。

关键词： 水轮机     磨蚀材料     设计    

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水机材料的抗磨蚀性判据研究

王飚,王宇栋,张自华,叶献国

《中国工程科学》 2003年 第5卷 第7期   页码 58-61

摘要：

为了证实水机材料的抗磨蚀和抗空蚀性能与材料的常规宏观性能之间的相依关系，选取4种具代表性的材料（碳化钨涂层、NiCr合金涂层、硼不锈钢涂层和钛），进行空蚀和磨蚀试验，并测试了它们的硬度和抗腐蚀性。试验结果表明，材料的空蚀和磨蚀抗力与硬度和抗腐蚀性有着紧密的相依关系：高硬度是抗磨蚀性优的第一判据，较强的抗腐蚀性是第二判据；高抗腐蚀性是抗空蚀性优的第一判据，较高的硬度是第二判据。

关键词： 水机材料     磨蚀     判据    

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QUANTITATIVE STUDY ON ANTI-PEST ACTIVITY OF NATURAL PRODUCTS BASED ON VISUALIZATION FRAMEWORK OF KNOWLEDGE

《农业科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第10卷 第2期   页码 306-332 doi: 10.15302/J-FASE-2023488

摘要：

● Using visual analysis to predict the trend of natural product pest resistance.

关键词： anti-pest activity     crop protection     insect pest     natural product     visual analysis    

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Effects of alfalfa coverage on runoff, erosion and hydraulic characteristics of overland flow on loess

Shufang WU, Pute WU, Hao FENG, G. P. Merkley

《环境科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2011年 第5卷 第1期   页码 76-83 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0282-x

摘要： An evaluation of the interactions between vegetation, overland and soil erosion can provide valuable insight for the conservation of soil and water. An experiment was conducted to study water infiltration, runoff generation process, rate of sediment erosion, and hydrodynamic characteristics of overland flow from a sloping hillside with different draw-off discharges from alfalfa and control plots with 20° slope. The effect of alfalfa on runoff and sediment transport reduction was quantitatively analyzed. Alfalfa was discussed for its ability to reduce the overland flow scouring force or change the runoff movement. Compared to the bare-soil plots, alfalfa plots generated a 1.77 times increase in infiltration rate. Furthermore, the down-slope water infiltration rate for the bare soil plots was higher than in the up-slope, while the opposite was found in the alfalfa plots. In addition, alfalfa had a significant effect on runoff and sediment yield. In comparison to the control, the runoff coefficient and sediment transportation rate decreased by 28.3% and 78.4% in the grass slope, respectively. The runoff generated from the alfalfa and bare-soil plots had similar trends with an initial increase and subsequent leveling to a steady-state rate. The transport of sediment reduced with time as a consequence of the depletion of loose surface materials. The maximum sediment concentration was recorded within the first few minutes of each event. The alfalfa plots had subcritical flow while the bare-soil plots had supercritical flow, which indicate that the capability of the alfalfa slope for resisting soil erosion and sediment movement was greater than for bare soil plots. Moreover, the flow resistance coefficient and roughness coefficient for the alfalfa plots were both higher than for the bare-soil plots, which indicate that overland flow in alfalfa plots had retarded and was blocked, and the flow energy along the runoff path had gradually dissipated. Finally, the ability to erode and transport sediment had decreased.

关键词： alfalfa     soil erosion     runoff and sedimentation     soil water infiltration     overland flow     hydrodynamic characteristics    

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Dihydroartemisinin increased the abundance of by YAP1 depression that sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma to anti-PD

《医学前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第4期   页码 729-746 doi: 10.1007/s11684-022-0978-2

摘要： The effect of anti-programmed cell death 1 (anti-PD-1) immunotherapy is limited in patients with hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC). Yes-associated protein 1 (YAP1) expression increased in liver tumor cells in early HCC, and Akkermansia muciniphila abundance decreased in the colon. The response to anti-PD-1 treatment is associated with A. muciniphila abundance in many tumors. However, the interaction between A. muciniphila abundance and YAP1 expression remains unclear in HCC. Here, anti-PD-1 treatment decreased A. muciniphila abundance in the colon, but increased YAP1 expression in the tumor cells by mice with liver tumors in situ. Mechanistically, hepatocyte-specific Yap1 knockout (Yap1LKO) maintained bile acid homeostasis in the liver, resulting in an increased abundance of A. muciniphila in the colon. Yap1 knockout enhanced anti-PD-1 efficacy. Therefore, YAP1 inhibition is a potential target for increasing A. muciniphila abundance to promote anti-PD-1 efficacy in liver tumors. Dihydroartemisinin (DHA), acting as YAP1 inhibitor, increased A. muciniphila abundance to sensitize anti-PD-1 therapy. A. muciniphila by gavage increased the number and activation of CD8+ T cells in liver tumor niches during DHA treatment or combination with anti-PD-1. Our findings suggested that the combination anti-PD-1 with DHA is an effective strategy for liver tumor treatment.

关键词： hepatocellular carcinoma     YAP1     Akkermansia muciniphila     anti-PD-1     dihydroartemisinin     bile acid    

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The cavitation erosion damage process of dynamically loaded journal bearings

MA Yan-yan, CHENG Xian-hua

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2006年 第1卷 第4期   页码 461-464 doi: 10.1007/s11465-006-0059-2

摘要： The cavitation damage model was built using finite element analysis software MSC.Marc. This paper attempted to numerically analyze the action process based on damage mechanics when a jet created by bubble collapse acted on the bearing surface in the process of cavitation erosion. The numerical results show that the values of equivalent plastic strain and void volume fraction increase with time. The values of damage scalar are higher on the bearing surface and subsurface, and decrease when it approaches the interface of overlay and nickel layer. The strain history and damage evolvement of bearing material acted on by jet impact load can be calculated efficiently using the proposed method, which develops a new method of analyzing cavitation erosion failure of the bearing surface.

关键词： bearing     fraction increase     collapse     process     evolvement    

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A modular cable-driven humanoid arm with anti-parallelogram mechanisms and Bowden cables

《机械工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第18卷 第1期 doi: 10.1007/s11465-022-0722-2

摘要： This paper proposes a novel modular cable-driven humanoid arm with anti-parallelogram mechanisms (APMs) and Bowden cables. The lightweight arm realizes the advantage of joint independence and the rational layout of the driving units on the base. First, this paper analyzes the kinematic performance of the APM and uses the rolling motion between two ellipses to approximate a pure-circular-rolling motion. Then, a novel type of one-degree-of-freedom (1-DOF) elbow joint is proposed based on this principle, which is also applied to design the 3-DOF wrist and shoulder joints. Next, Bowden cables are used to connect the joints and their driving units to obtain a modular cable-driven arm with excellent joint independence. After that, both the forward and inverse kinematics of the entire arm are analyzed. Last, a humanoid arm prototype was developed, and the assembly velocity, joint motion performance, joint stiffness, load carrying, typical humanoid arm movements, and repeatability were tested to verify the arm performance.

关键词： modular robotic arm     anti-parallelogram mechanism     Bowden cable     humanoid arm     lightweight joint design    

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Anti-biofouling strategies for implantable biosensors of continuous glucose monitoring systems

《化学科学与工程前沿（英文）》 2023年 第17卷 第12期   页码 1866-1878 doi: 10.1007/s11705-023-2340-x

摘要： Continuous glucose monitoring (CGM) systems play an increasingly vital role in the glycemic control of patients with diabetes mellitus. However, the immune responses triggered by the implantation of poorly biocompatible sensors have a significant impact on the accuracy and lifetime of CGM systems. In this review, research efforts over the past few years to mitigate the immune responses by enhancing the anti-biofouling ability of sensors are summarized. This review divided these works into active immune engaging strategy and passive immune escape strategy based on their respective mechanisms. In each strategy, the various biocompatible layers on the biosensor surface, such as drug-releasing membranes, hydrogels, hydrophilic membranes, anti-biofouling membranes based on zwitterionic polymers, and bio-mimicking membranes, are described in detail. This review, therefore, provides researchers working on implantable biosensors for CGM systems with vital information, which is likely to aid in the research and development of novel CGM systems with profound anti-biofouling properties.

关键词： implantable glucose biosensor     anti-biofouling     continuous glucose monitoring     immune responses    

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标题 作者 时间 类型 操作

Technology improvements and management innovations in construction of Xiluodu hydropower station on Jinsha River

Qixiang FAN

期刊论文

基于同步波动原理的抗冲蚀弹性涂层设计

郭源君,肖华林,徐大清,李文斌

期刊论文

Embankment dam foundation analysis for the decrease of internal erosion likelihood

Marc SMITH

期刊论文

3D finite element method (FEM) simulation of groundwater flow during backward erosion piping

Kristine VANDENBOER,Vera van BEEK,Adam BEZUIJEN

期刊论文

地下工程抗爆防震塌设计动力学机理讨论

杨黎明,周风华,董新龙,王礼立

期刊论文

抗磨蚀材料失效过程的微观特性

王飚,王宇栋,张自华,何筱奎,诸小丽

期刊论文

Effect of land use and land cover change on soil erosion and the spatio-temporal variation in Liupan

Bin QUAN, M. J. M. R?MKENS, Rui LI, Fang WANG, Jie CHEN

期刊论文

水轮机抗磨蚀金属材料的优化设计

王飚,张自华,王宇栋

期刊论文

水机材料的抗磨蚀性判据研究

王飚,王宇栋,张自华,叶献国

期刊论文

QUANTITATIVE STUDY ON ANTI-PEST ACTIVITY OF NATURAL PRODUCTS BASED ON VISUALIZATION FRAMEWORK OF KNOWLEDGE

期刊论文

Effects of alfalfa coverage on runoff, erosion and hydraulic characteristics of overland flow on loess

Shufang WU, Pute WU, Hao FENG, G. P. Merkley

期刊论文

Dihydroartemisinin increased the abundance of by YAP1 depression that sensitizes hepatocellular carcinoma to anti-PD

期刊论文

The cavitation erosion damage process of dynamically loaded journal bearings

MA Yan-yan, CHENG Xian-hua

期刊论文

A modular cable-driven humanoid arm with anti-parallelogram mechanisms and Bowden cables

期刊论文

Anti-biofouling strategies for implantable biosensors of continuous glucose monitoring systems

期刊论文